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Vitamin B12 is an effective and tested cure for horses, dogs, alpacas and camels suffering from a deficiency of the vitamin.
COMPOSITION: Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) 1000mcg/ml
ACTIONS: Horses, dogs, alpacas and camels suffering from pernicious anemia are treated with a regular dosage of vitamin B12. This is due to the fact that they are unable to absorb sufficient vitamin B12 from their dietary food sources and therefore require intramuscular injections to aid the absorption. There are substitutes in the form of oral supplementation, however physicians generally resort to this classic treatment.
Research shows ample evidence to reveal that cobalamin uses of 1-2 mg per day can quickly correct deficiencies. It is not apparent whether smaller amounts, such as the 25 mcg or so found in multivitamins, are sufficient to cure deficiencies. Such a claim is substantiated by the fact that although oral supplementation with vitamin B12 is safe, efficient and inexpensive and most multi-vitamin pills contain 100-200 microgram of the cyanocobalamin form of B12, many multivitamins cannot be chewed, which is extremely important for its absorption.
The body’s ability to absorb vitamin B12 is reduced with increasing age. Older people are often detected to have a more potent vitamin B12 deficiency, even in cases where they do not suffer from pernicious anemia. Moreover, an intake of vitamin B12 from food sources decreases markedly with an increase in age, probably due to a lack of stomach acid. The conventional way of repairing a vitamin B12 deficiency has been through intramuscular oral uses. Experiments also reveal that vitamin B12 injected intramuscularly is useful in healeringf neurological disorders such as progressive memory loss and lethargy.
To maintain vitamin B12 status, the alternatives to high oral doses of cobalamin (500-1000 micrograms daily) are routine intramuscular doses at one mg per month. This also helps to lower homocysteine levels in the blood, thereby reducing the probability of heart diseases and strokes.
The utility of vitamin B12 is not restricted to curing deficiencies. can also serve therapeutic purposes. Vitamin B12 acts as a stimulant for energizing the body, through cobalamin, which transmits its elements to the human body. For example, a recommended effective cure for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is 6-70mg dose of vitamin B12 intramuscularly, per week, for 3 weeks.
Vitamin B12 is a water soluble vitamin with a key role in the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system and for the formation of blood. It is one of the eight B vitamins. It is normally involved in the metabolism of every cell of the body, especially affecting DNA synthesis and regulation, but also fatty acid synthesis and energy production.
Vitamin B12 is the name for a class of chemically-related compounds, all of which have vitamin activity. It is structurally the most complicated vitamin. Biosynthesis of the basic structure of the vitamin can only be accomplished by bacteria, but conversion between different forms of the vitamin can be accomplished in the human body. A common synthetic form of the vitamin (cyanocobalamin) does not occur in nature, but is used in many pharmaceuticals, supplements and as food additive, due to its stability and lower cost. In the body it is converted to the physiological forms, methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin, leaving behind the cyanide in minimal concentration. More recently, hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin can also be found in more expensive pharmacological products and food supplements.
Vitamin B12 was discovered from its relationship to the disease pernicious anemia, which is an autoimmune disease that destroys parietal cells in the stomach that secrete intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is crucial for the normal absorption of B12, therefore, a lack of intrinsic factor, as seen in pernicious anemia, causes a vitamin B12 deficiency. Many other subtler kinds of vitamin B12 deficiency, and their biochemical effects, have since been elucidated.
The name vitamin B12 generally refers to all forms of the vitamin
Vitamin B12 is a collection of cobalt and corrin ring molecules, which are defined by their particular vitamin function in the body. All of the substrate cobalt-corrin molecules from which B12 is made must be synthesized by bacteria. However, after this synthesis is complete, the body has a limited power to convert any form of B12 to another by means of enzymatically removing certain prosthetic chemical groups from the cobalt atom.
Cyanocobalamin is one such compound that is a vitamin in this B complex, because it can be metabolized in the body to an active co-enzyme form. However, the cyanocobalamin form of B12 does not occur in nature normally, but is a byproduct of the fact that other forms of B12 are avid binders of cyanide (-CN) which they pick up in the process of activated charcoal purification of the vitamin after it is made by bacteria in the commercial process. Since the cyanocobalamin form of B12 is deeply red colored, easy to crystallize, and is not sensitive to air-oxidation, it is typically used as a form of B12 for food additives and in many common multivitamins. However, this form is not perfectly synonymous with B12, inasmuch as a number of substances (vitamers) have B12 vitamin activity and can properly be labeled vitamin B12, and cyanocobalamin is but one of them. (Thus, all cyanocobalamin is vitamin B12, but not all vitamin B12 is cyanocobalamin).
B12 is the most chemically complex of all the vitamins. The structure of B12 is based on a corrin ring… which is similar to the porphyrin ring found in heme, chlorophyll, and cytochrome. The central metal ion is cobalt. Four of the six coordination sites are provided by the corrin ring, and a fifth by a dimethylbenzimidazole group. The sixth coordination site, the center of reactivity, is variable, being a cyano group (-CN), a hydroxyl group (-OH), a methyl group (-CH3) or a 5′-deoxyadenosyl group (here the C5′ atom of the deoxyribose forms the covalent bond with Co), respectively, to yield the four B12 forms mentioned above. Historically, the covalent C-Co bond is one of first examples of carbon-metal bonds to be discovered in biology. The hydrogenases and, by necessity, enzymes associated with cobalt utilization, involve metal-carbon bonds.
Indications: VITAMIN B12 5000 INJECTION is used as an aid in the treatment of anemia in horses where a deficiency of vitamin B12 is a contributing factor.
Form: Injectable and oral use.
For: Horses, Dogs, Alpacas and Camels
Dosage and Administration: Administer 2 mg per kg of body weight by intramuscular or intravenous injection. Repeat as indicated.
Presentation: Size: 100ml sterile multi-dose glass vial.
Storage: Store below 25 C (Air Conditioning)
Availability: This product is For General Sale
For use as a supplemental source of Vitamins & Amino Acids in horses, cattle, sheep, swine, camels, alpacas and pigeons. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.